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1.
Clinics ; 70(5): 318-321, 05/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748280

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The eradication of Helicobacter (H.) pylori allows peptic ulcers in patients infected with the bacteria to be cured. Treatment with the classic triple regimen (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) has shown decreased efficacy due to increased bacterial resistance to clarithromycin. In our country, the eradication rate by intention to treat with this regimen is 83%. In Brazil, a commercially available regimen for bacterial eradication that uses levofloxacin and amoxicillin with lansoprazole is available; however, its efficacy is not known. Considering that such a treatment may be an alternative to the classic regimen, we aimed to verify its efficacy in H. pylori eradication. METHODS: Patients with peptic ulcer disease infected with H. pylori who had not received prior treatment were treated with the following regimen: 30 mg lansoprazole bid, 1,000 mg amoxicillin bid and 500 mg levofloxacin, once a day for 7 days. RESULTS: A total of 66 patients were evaluated. The patients’ mean age was 52 years, and women comprised 55% of the sample. Duodenal ulcers were present in 50% of cases, and gastric ulcers were present in 30%. The eradication rate was 74% per protocol and 73% by intention to treat. Adverse effects were reported by 49 patients (74%) and were mild to moderate, with a prevalence of diarrhea complaints. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy comprising lansoprazole, amoxicillin and levofloxacin for 7 days for the eradication of H. pylori in Brazilian peptic ulcer patients showed a lower efficacy than that of the classic triple regimen. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Immobilization/instrumentation , Immobilization/veterinary , Multimodal Imaging/veterinary , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Positron-Emission Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Immobilization/methods , Mice, Nude , Multimodal Imaging/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Sodium Radioisotopes
2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 27(1): 3-8, Jan-Mar/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703973

ABSTRACT

Background : Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a worldwide prevalent condition that exhibits a large variety of signs and symptoms of esophageal or extra-esophageal nature and can be related to the esophagic adenocarcinoma. In the last few years, greater importance has been given to the influence of physical exercises on it. Some recent investigations, though showing conflicting results, point to an exacerbation of gastroesophageal reflux during physical exercises. Aim : To evaluate the influence of physical activities in patients presenting with erosive and non erosive disease by ergometric stress testing and influence of the lower esophageal sphincter tonus and body mass index during this situation. Methods : Twenty-nine patients with erosive disease (group I) and 10 patients with non-erosive disease (group II) were prospectively evaluated. All the patients were submitted to clinical evaluation, followed by upper digestive endoscopy, manometry and 24 h esophageal pH monitoring. An ergometric testing was performed 1 h before removing the esophageal pH probe. During the ergometric stress testing, the following variables were analyzed: test efficacy, maximum oxygen uptake, acid reflux duration, gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, influence of the lower esophageal sphincter tonus and influence of body mass index in the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux during these physical stress. Results : Maximum oxigen consumption or VO 2 max, showed significant correlation when it was 70% or higher only in the erosive disease group, evaluating the patients with or without acid reflux during the ergometric testing (p=0,032). The other considered variables didn't show significant correlations between gastroesophageal reflux and physical activity (p>0,05). Conclusions : 1) Highly intensive physical activity can predispose the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux episodes in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with erosive disease; ...


Racional : A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico é afecção com elevada prevalência em todo o mundo, que apresenta grande variedade de sinais e sintomas esofagianos ou extra-esofágico, podendo ter entre suas complicações o adenocarcinoma esofágico. Nos últimos anos, maior importância tem sido dada à influência dos exercícios físicos na sua patogênese. Algumas investigações recentes, embora com resultados conflitantes, apontam para agravamento do refluxo gastroesofágico durante eles. Objetivos : Avaliar a influência da atividade física em pacientes com doença erosiva e não erosiva através do teste ergométrico de esforço, e ainda, a relevância do tônus ​​do esfíncter esofagiano inferior e do índice de massa corpórea durante esta situação. Métodos : Vinte e nove pacientes com doença do refluxo erosiva (grupo I) e 10 com não-erosiva (grupo II) foram avaliados prospectivamente. Todos foram submetidos à avaliação clínica, seguida pela endoscopia digestiva alta, manometria e pH-metria esofágica de 24 horas. Um teste ergométrico foi realizado uma hora antes de retirar a sonda de pH-metria. Durante ele as seguintes variáveis ​​foram analisadas: eficácia do teste, o consumo máximo de oxigênio ou VO2 max, tempo de refluxo ácido, sintomas de refluxo gastroesofágico, influência do tônus ​​do esfíncter esofágico e do índice de massa corporal na ocorrência de refluxo gastroesofágico durante esta situação. Resultados : VO2 max apresentou correlação significativa, quando foi maior ou igual a 70%, apenas no grupo doença erosiva, avaliando os pacientes com ou sem refluxo ácido durante o teste ergométrico ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Exercise Test , Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology , Prospective Studies
3.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 71(1-2)jan.-fev. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-737092

ABSTRACT

A infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori está relacionada com a gastrite crônica, úlcera péptica, câncer gástrico e linfoma. Nesta revisão se demonstra, de maneira prática, como se pode diagnosticar o Helicobacter pylori, bem como os vários esquemas de tratamento e retratamento utilizados na erradicação desta bactéria.

4.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 48(4): 261-264, Oct.-Dec. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-607506

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The antibiotic susceptibility is the cornerstone for the eradication therapies of Helicobacter pylori. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of primary resistance of H. pylori was evaluated in an urban Brazilian population. METHODS:H. pylori isolates were obtained from patients submitted to an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for the evaluation of dyspeptic symptoms. Biopsies from antrum, corpus and fundus were taken to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori isolates. The minimal inhibitory concentration of furazolidone and bismuth were routinely determined by agar dilution method and the minimal inhibitory for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and metronidazole were routinely determined with the E-test. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients were included. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of H. pylori strains were obtained from 39 patients. Resistance to metronidazole was detected in 20 patients (51 percent), to clarithromycin in 3 patients (8 percent), to levofloxacin in 9 patients (23 percent) and to bismuth in 2 patients (5 percent). There was no observed resistance to amoxicillin, tetracycline or furazolidone. CONCLUSION: Due to the low amoxicillin and clarithromycin resistance observed in this study, therapies using these antimicrobials remain appropriated first-line H. pylori therapy.


CONTEXTO: A susceptibilidade aos antibióticos é a pedra fundamental dos tratamentos de erradicação do Helicobacter pylori. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência da resistência primária do H. pylori aos antibióticos em uma população urbana do Brasil. MÉTODOS: As cepas do H. pylori foram obtidas de pacientes submetidos a endoscopia digestiva para avaliação de sintomas dispépticos. Biopsias do antro, corpo e fundo gástrico foram realizadas para determinar a susceptibilidade das cepas do H. pylori aos antibióticos. A concentração inibitória mínima da furazolidona e do bismuto foram determinadas rotineiramente pelo método da diluição em Agar e a concentração inibitória mínima da amoxicilina, claritromicina, tetraciclina, levofloxacina e do metronidazol foram determinadas pelo E-test. RESULTADOS: Cinquenta e quarto pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Destes, a susceptibilidade das cepas do H. pylori in vitro foi determinada em 39 pacientes. Resistência ao metronidazol foi detectada em 20 pacientes (51 por cento), à claritromicina em 3 pacientes (8 por cento), à levofloxacina in 9 pacientes (23 por cento) e ao bismuto em 2 pacientes (5 por cento). não foi observada resistência à amoxicilina, tetraciclina e à furazolidona. CONCLUSÃO: Devido à baixa resistência, observada neste estudo para a amoxicilina e a claritromicina, os tratamentos que usam estes antibióticos permanecem apropriados como esquemas de primeira linha para a erradicação do H. pylori.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Brazil , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests
5.
Clinics ; 66(4): 557-561, 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-588903

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: TREATMEN The contribution of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) to refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains unknown. When EoE and GERD overlap, the clinical, endoscopic and histological findings are nonspecific and cannot be used to distinguish between the two disorders. Limited data are available on this topic, and the interaction between EoE and GERD is a matter of debate. AIM: We have conducted a prospective study of adult patients with refractory GERD to evaluate the overlap of reflux and EoE. METHODS: Between July 2006 and June 2008, we consecutively and prospectively enrolled 130 male and female patients aged 18 to 70 years old who experienced persistent heartburn and/or regurgitation more than twice a week over the last 30 days while undergoing at least six consecutive weeks of omeprazole treatment (at least 40 mg once a day). The patients underwent an upper digestive endoscopy with esophageal biopsy, and intraepithelial eosinophils were counted after hematoxylin/eosin staining. The diagnosis of EoE was based on the presence of 20 or more eosinophils per high-power field (eo/HPF) in esophageal biopsies. RESULTS: Among the 103 studied patients, 79 (76.7 percent) were females. The patients had a mean age of 45.5 years and a median age of 47 years. Endoscopy was normal in 83.5 percent of patients, and erosive esophagitis was found in 12.6 percent. Only one patient presented lesions suggestive of EoE. Histological examination revealed >20 eo/HPF in this patient. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated a low prevalence of EoE among patients with refractory GERD undergoing omeprazole treatment.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/epidemiology , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/pathology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/drug therapy , Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology , Omeprazole/therapeutic use , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Treatment Failure
6.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 47(1): 99-115, Jan.-Mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-547620

ABSTRACT

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common disorders in medical practice. A number of guidelines and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of GERD have been published in different countries, but a Brazilian accepted directive by the standards of evidence-based medicine is still lacking. As such, the aim of the Brazilian GERD Consensus Group was to develop guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GERD, strictly using evidence-based medicine methodology that could be clinically used by primary care physicians and specialists and would encompass the needs of physicians, investigators, insurance and regulatory bodies. A total of 30 questions were proposed. Systematic literature reviews, which defined inclusion and/or exclusion criteria, were conducted to identify and grade the available evidence to support each statement. A total of 11,069 papers on GERD were selected, of which 6,474 addressed the diagnosis and 4,595, therapeutics. Regarding diagnosis, 51 met the requirements for the analysis of evidence-based medicine: 19 of them were classified as grade A and 32 as grade B. As for therapeutics, 158 met the evidence-based medicine criteria; 89 were classified as grade A and 69 as grade B. In the topic Diagnosis, answers supported by publications grade A and B were accepted. In the topic Treatment only publications grade A were accepted: answers supported by publications grade B were submitted to the voting by the Consensus Group. The present publication presents the most representative studies that responded to the proposed questions, followed by pertinent comments. Follow examples. In patients with atypical manifestations, the conventional esophageal pH-metry contributes little to the diagnosis of GERD. The sensitivity, however, increases with the use of double-channel pH-metry. In patients with atypical manifestations, the impedance-pHmetry substantially contributes to the diagnosis of GERD. The examination, ...


A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico é uma das enfermidades mais comuns na prática médica. Numerosas diretrizes e recomendações de conduta para seu diagnóstico e tratamento tem sido publicadas em vários países, mas no Brasil ainda não havia sido realizado um trabalho de consenso baseado em padrões de Medicina baseada em evidências. Com esse objetivo, estabeleceu-se um grupo brasileiro representativo de especialistas (Grupo de Consenso da DRGE - doença do refluxo gastroesofágico) para estabelecer diretrizes de conduta de Medicina baseada em evidências para a doença do refluxo gastroesofágico que pudessem ser utilizadas tanto por médicos em cuidados primários de saúde, como por especialistas, seguradoras e agências regulatórias. Foram propostas 30 questões e a busca das respostas baseou-se em pesquisa sistemática da literatura para a identificação dos temas e respectivos graus de evidência. Foram selecionadas 11.069 publicações sobre doença do refluxo gastroesofágico, das quais 6.474 sobre diagnóstico e 4.595 sobre terapêutica. Em relação ao diagnóstico, 51 trabalhos alcançaram as exigências de Medicina baseada em evidências: 19 foram classificadas como grau A e 32 como grau B. Em relação à terapêutica, 158 alcançaram as exigências de Medicina baseada em evidências: 89 foram classificadas como grau A e 69 como grau B. No item Diagnóstico as respostas sustentadas por publicação de graus A e B foram aceitas. No item Tratamento, somente publicações grau A foram aceitas: as respostas apoiadas por publicações grau B foram submetidas a votação pelo Grupo de Consenso. A presente publicação apresenta as respostas às questões propostas com os trabalhos mais representativos seguidos por comentários pertinentes. Exemplos: 1) em pacientes com manifestações atípicas a pHmetria convencional pouco contribui para o diagnóstico de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico. A sensibilidade, entretanto, aumenta com o emprego de pHmetria de duplo canal. 2) Em pacientes ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Evidence-Based Medicine , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Gastroesophageal Reflux/therapy , Severity of Illness Index
7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 46(3): 204-208, jul.-set. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-530059

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Whether Helicobacter pylori infection is a protective or predisposing factor for the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease remains controversial. The most virulent strains, such as those expressing the cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), and the site of gastric colonization have been correlated with the prevention or development of esophagitis. AIM: To determine the incidence of erosive esophagitis following eradication of H. pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease and to evaluate the association of erosive esophagitis with virulent strains of H. pylori and the site of gastric colonization. METHODS: Triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin was administered to 159 patients with peptic ulcer disease. Endoscopy, histopathology, urease and carbon-14 urea breath tests were performed prior to treatment, at 3 months and 1 year following treatment. Genotyping of H. pylori strains using polymerase chain reaction was performed separately on samples from the corpus and antrum. RESULTS: One year after treatment, 148 successfully treated patients were reevaluated. Twenty-eight patients (19 percent) had erosive esophagitis, classified as Los Angeles grade A in 24 and B in 4. The samples taken from the corpus were CagA-positive in 18 patients (64 percent), while the samples taken from the antrum were CagA-positive in 21 patients (75 percent). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of erosive esophagitis in peptic ulcer patients who had their H. pylori eradicated was 19 percent. No correlation was found between the gastric site colonized by H. pylori or strains expressing CagA and the prevention or development of erosive esophagitis in patients with peptic ulcer disease, 1 year after infection eradication.


CONTEXTO: É controverso se a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori é um fator de proteção ou de predisposição para o desenvolvimento da doença de refluxo gastroesofágico. Cepas mais virulentas tais como as que expressam a citotoxina CagA e o local no estômago de infecção pela bactéria, podem estar correlacionados com a prevenção ou desenvolvimento de esofagite. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a incidência de esofagite erosiva após a erradicação do H. pylori em pacientes com úlcera péptica e a sua associação com a virulência das cepas da bactéria e o local no estômago de seu isolamento. MÉTODOS: Um tratamento tríplice com lansoprazol, amoxicilina e claritromicina foi administrado a 159 pacientes com úlcera péptica. Endoscopia digestiva alta, exame histológico, teste rápido da urease e o teste respiratório de uréia com carbono-14 foram realizados antes, 3 meses e 1 ano após o tratamento. A genotipagem das cepas do H. pylori por meio de PCR foi realizada separadamente em amostras obtidas da mucosa do corpo e do antro gástricos. RESULTADOS: Um ano após o tratamento, 148 pacientes curados da infecção foram avaliados: 28 (19 por cento) apresentavam esofagite erosiva, 24 com grau A da classificação de Los Angeles e 4 com grau B. Nas amostras obtidas da mucosa do corpo gástrico, a citotoxina CagA foi positiva em 18 (64 por cento) pacientes com esofagite erosiva, enquanto que nas amostras obtidas do antro gástrico, a citotoxina CagA foi positiva em 21 (75 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de esofagite erosiva em pacientes com doença péptico-ulcerosa foi de 19 por cento. Não houve correlação entre o local de isolamento no estômago ou as cepas CagA-positivas do H. pylori e a proteção ou o desenvolvimento de esofagite erosiva, em pacientes com úlcera péptica, 1 ano depois da erradicação da bactéria.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Esophagitis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Peptic Ulcer/microbiology , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Esophagitis/diagnosis , Gastroscopy , Genotype , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index , /therapeutic use , Virulence , Young Adult
8.
Clinics ; 64(8): 785-790, 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-523999

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Several aspects of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been studied, but the frequency of comorbidities is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of GERD comorbidities in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: We prospectively studied 670 consecutive adult patients from the outpatient department of our facility. A diagnosis was established using clinical, endoscopic and/or pHmetry-related findings. Each patient's medical file was reviewed with respect to the presence of other medical conditions and diagnoses. RESULTS: Of the 670 patients, 459 (68.6 percent) were female, and the mean age was 55.94 (17-80 years). We registered 316 patients (47.1 percent) with the erosive form of GERD and 354 patients (52.9 percent) with the non-erosive form. A total of 1,664 instances of comorbidities were recorded in 586 patients (87.5 percent), with the most common being arterial hypertension (21 percent), hypercholesterolemia (9 percent), obesity (9 percent), type II diabetes mellitus (5 percent) and depression (4 percent). Two or more comorbidities were present in 437 individuals (64.8 percent). The occurrence of comorbidities increased with age and was higher in patients with the non-erosive form of GERD. CONCLUSIONS: In a tertiary referral population, comorbidities were very common, and these may have worsened the already impaired health-related quality of life of these patients. Clinicians caring for GERD patients in this setting must be aware of the likelihood and nature of comorbid disorders and their impact on disease presentation and patient management.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Depression/epidemiology , /epidemiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Hypercholesterolemia/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Gastroesophageal Reflux/classification , Hospitals, University , Prospective Studies , Young Adult
9.
Clinics ; 60(6): 485-488, Dec. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-418496

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Muitos dos esquemas atualmente usados na erradicação do Helicobacter pylori não conseguem curar a infecção, pela resistência bacteriana ou pela baixa adesão do paciente. Esta condição manterá os riscos de desenvolvimento das potenciais complicações graves da infecção. Este estudo procurou determinar a eficácia e segurança de um esquema quádruplo que associou a furazolidona para o retratamento da infecção pelo H. pylori. MÉTODOS: Pacientes que não alcançaram erradicação em um ou mais tratamentos foram submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta e dois fragmentos do antro e do corpo foram retirados para exame histológico e de urease. Receberam então 20mg de omeprazol, 240mg de sub-citrato de bismuto, 500mg de tetraciclina e 200mg de furazolidona duas vezes ao dia por 7 dias. O sucesso terapêutico foi determinado pela negativação de nova biópsia endoscópica, após 8 semanas do tratamento. RESULTADOS: Sessenta e dois pacientes foram incluídos, cinqüenta e oito completaram o estudo. Por protocolo, 67% (39/58) dos pacientes conseguiram a erradicação da bactéria. Efeitos adversos leves foram relatados. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento de curto prazo, em esquema quádruplo com a furazolidona , é bem tolerado, barato e eficaz no re-tratamento do H. pylori. Uma boa opção de re-tratamento para países em desenvolvimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-Infective Agents, Local , Furazolidone/therapeutic use , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Anti-Infective Agents, Local , Chi-Square Distribution , Cohort Studies , Confidence Intervals , Drug Therapy, Combination , Furazolidone/adverse effects , Retreatment , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Peptic Ulcer/microbiology
10.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 42(2): 122-127, abr.-jun. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-410683

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: Os aspectos epidemiológicos da azia e da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico tem sido objeto de interesse crescente na última década devido o aumento na prevalência e nas complicações da doença. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a prevalência da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico e da azia e as principais características da doença na população urbana do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Inquérito nacional avaliou 13.959 indivíduos em 22 cidades brasileiras. Os critérios de inclusão foram:presença de azia, pelo menos, uma vez na semana e idade maior de 16 anos (grupo azia); presença de azia com freqüência maior que uma vez na semana, considerado como portadores da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (grupo DRGE). Os fatores relacionados às queixas foram questionados como: fatores precipitantes; hábitos (tabaco, álcool e consumo de café); índice de massa corporal . Neste estudo populacional foi usado modelo probabilístico na analise estatística. RESULTADOS: Foram apresentados em freqüência relativa e absoluta, que era a estimativa ponderada da respectiva população. A prevalência global da azia foi de 11,9% (1.651 indivíduos). Azia uma vez por semana esteve presente em 4,6% (637 indivíduos) e doença do refluxo gastroesofágico em 7,7% (1.014 indivíduos). A idade média foi semelhante em ambos os grupos (homens: 36,9 ± 15,0; mulheres: 39,6 ± 15,1 anos). As mulheres foram mais afetadas em ambos os grupos. A ocorrência de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico aumentou com a idade e foi mais prevalente após os 55 anos de idade. O índice de massa corporal esteve na faixa normal e foi similar em ambos os grupos (homens: 24,7 ± 4,6; mulheres: 25,3 ± 5,2 kg/m2). Em ambos os grupos os indivíduos relataram seus sintomas à ingestão de comida, gorduras e alimentos picantes (grupo azia: 64,7%, 28,5%, 17,7%; grupo DRGE: 55,0%, 25,9%, 11,7%, respectivamente). No grupo DRGE, estresse (24,2%) e problemas de saúde (22,3%) foram os sintomas mais relatados que no grupo azia (20,0% e 15,0%, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência global de azia (11,9%) é relativamente elevada na população urbana brasileira, apesar de mais baixa em comparação a outros paises. Azia e doença do refluxo gastroesofágico têm maior prevalência em mulheres e ambos são relacionados à ingestão de alimentos, alimentos gordurosos e picantes. A doença


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Heartburn/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban Population
11.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 24(1): 21-29, jan.-fev. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-427867

ABSTRACT

A úlcera péptica é causada, na sua maioria, por infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori, sendo portanto recomendada sua erradicação. Um dos tratamentos da erradicação mais frequentemente utilizado é o esquema tríplice baseado em inibidor de bomba protônica associado a dois antimicrobianos. O inibidor da bomba de prótons freqüentemente é continuado por mais três semanas com monoterapia, após o esquema de erradicação, para assegurar cicatrização da úlcera e alívio dos sintomas, em pacientes com úlcera duodenal ativa. O esomeprazol é um dos isômeros ópticos dos composto racêmico omeprazol e, assim, tem o mesmo mecanismo de ação, porém com área sob a curva (AUC) maior e menor variabilidade polimórfica em seu metabolismo hepático. Assim, é possível melhor eficácia clínica do esomeprazol, com efeito inibitório mais duradouro e profundo sobre a secreção ácida gástrica durante o período de 24 horas e menor variação interindividual na acidez gástrica. Vários trabalhos publicados mostraram que o tratamento de erradicação do H. Pylori com esquema tríplice baseado em esomeprazol, por uma semana, tem a mesma eficácia na cicatrização da úlcera duodenal que o tratamento tríplice baseado em omeprazol, por uma semana, continuado por três semanas com omeprazol. Este estudo busca confirmar esses dados em centros brasileiros. O objetivo primário deste estudo foi avaliar as taxas de cicatrização em pacientes com úlcera duodenal, após uma semana de tratamento de erradicação do H. pylori, seguida por quatro semanas de observação sem tratamento. Os pacientes receberam tratamento de erradicação com a terapia tríplice esomeprazol 20mg bid + amoxilina 1.000mg bid + claritromicina 500mg bid, administrados por sete dias. Os objetivos segundários foram: avaliar as taxas de erradicação do H. Pylori; determinar a freqÜência e intensidade de sintomas como azia/pirose e dor epigástrica; avaliar a segurança e a tolerabilidade do esomeprazol em combinação com claritomicina e amoxicilina. O estudo foi aberto, não randonizado, não controlado, participando 12 centros no Brasil. No total, 144 pacientes foram analidados quando a eficácia clínica (análise por protocolo - PP). Os pacientes foram acompanhados por cinco semanas com duas visitas clínicas agendadas durante esse período. A dor epigástrica estava presente em 97,2por cento(140/144) dos pacientes no inicio do estudo


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Amoxicillin , Clarithromycin , Clinical Protocols , Helicobacter Infections/therapy , Proton-Translocating ATPases , Duodenal Ulcer/therapy , Amoxicillin , Clarithromycin , Drug Evaluation
12.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 40(4): 262-267, out.-dez. 2003. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-359888

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: O esomeprazol, um isômero-S do omeprazol, é o primeiro inibidor da bomba de prótons desenvolvido como um isômero ótico e tem apresentado altos índices de cicatrização na esofagite erosiva. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia e tolerabilidade do esomperazol em pessoas com esofagite erosiva, classificada de acordo com a classificação de Los Angeles. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Duzentos e dezoito pacientes com esofagite de refluxo confirmada por endoscopia foram incluídos num estudo multicêntrico, aberto, no Brasil. Todos receberam 40 mg de esomeprazol, uma vez ao dia, por um período de 4 semanas. Aqueles que não cicatrizaram a esofagite ao final da 4ª semana continuaram o tratamento por mais 4 semanas. O objetivo primário de eficácia foi a taxa de cicatrização ao final da 4ª e 8ª semanas. Os objetivos secundários foram o número de pacientes com resolução dos sintomas ao final da 4ª semana, o número de dias com resolução sustentada dos sintomas, o número de dias e noites livres de sintomas e a segurança e tolerabilidade da droga. RESULTADOS: As taxas de cicatrização nas semanas 4 e 8 foram 82 por cento (IC: 77,4 por cento-87,6 por cento) e 96,1 por cento (IC: 93,5 por cento-98,8 por cento), respectivamente. Noventa e nove por cento dos pacientes tiveram resolução da pirose retroesternal na 2ª semana. Os eventos adversos mais comuns foram cefaléia (4 por cento), diarréia (2,6 por cento) e dor epigástrica (2,2 por cento). CONCLUSAO: Para o período estudado, o esomeprazol mostrou ser uma droga segura e bem tolerada, alcançando taxas significativas de cicatrização das soluções de continuidade da mucosa em pacientes com esofagite erosiva, independente do seu grau, de acordo com a classificação de Los Angeles. Mostrou-se, também, eficiente em rapidamente aliviar os sintomas decorrentes da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Gastroesophageal Reflux/drug therapy , Omeprazole/therapeutic use , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Esophagitis, Peptic/drug therapy , Esophagitis, Peptic/pathology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
13.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 40(1): 55-60, Jan.-Mar. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-347615

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Many of the currently used Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens fail to cure the infection due to either antimicrobial resistance or poor patient compliance. Those patients will remain at risk of developing potentially severe complications of peptic ulcer disease. AIM: We studied the impact of the antimicrobial resistance on the efficacy of a short course pantoprazole based triple therapy in a single-center pilot study. METHODS: Forty previously untreated adult patients (age range 20 to 75 years, 14 males) infected with Helicobacter pylori and with inactive or healing duodenal ulcer disease were assigned in this open cohort study to 1 week twice daily treatment with pantoprazole 40 mg, plus clarithromycin 250 mg and metronidazole 400 mg. Helicobacter pylori was assessed at entry and 50 ± 3 days after the end of treatment by rapid urease test, culture and histology of gastric biopsies. The criteria for eradication was a negative result in the tests. Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin and metronidazole was determined before treatment with the disk diffusion test. RESULTS: One week treatment and follow up were complete in all patients. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori was achieved in 35/40 patients (87.5 percent) and was higher in patients with nitroimidazole-susceptible strains [susceptible: 20/20 (100 percent), resistant: 10/15 (67 percent)]. There were six (15 percent) mild adverse events reports. CONCLUSIONS: A short course of pantoprazole-based triple therapy is well tolerated and effective in eradicating Helicobacter pylori. The baseline metronidazole resistance may be a significant limiting factor in treatment success.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Duodenal Ulcer/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Ulcer Agents/administration & dosage , Benzimidazoles/administration & dosage , Clarithromycin/administration & dosage , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Metronidazole/administration & dosage , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
14.
São Paulo med. j ; 121(1): 15-18, Jan. 2, 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-341880

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The curative treatment of peptic ulcer is made available nowadays through the eradication of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with it, but the best therapeutic regimen is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a therapeutic regimen with 400 mg ranitidine bismuth citrate associated with 500 mg clarithromycin given twice a day for seven days in a cohort of Brazilian patients with peptic ulcer. TYPE OF STUDY: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Tertiary-care hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred and twenty nine outpatients, with active or healed peptic ulcers infected by Helicobacter pylori, diagnosed via endoscopy with confirmation via the urease test and histological examination, who had never undergone a regimen for the eradication of the bacterium. PROCEDURE: Administration of 400 mg ranitidine-bismuth and 500 mg clarithromycin twice a day, for seven days. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Efficacy of the treatment, with a check on the cure done via another endoscopy eight weeks after drug administration. The eradication of the bacterium was determined via the urease test and histological examination. Patients who were negative for both were considered to be cured. RESULTS: Eight patients failed to complete the study. The eradication rate according to intention to treat was 81 percent (104/129) and per protocol was 86 percent (104/121). CONCLUSION: The bismuth ranitidine compound associated with clarithromycin used for one week was shown to be a simple, effective and well-tolerated therapeutic regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer , Ranitidine , Bismuth , Helicobacter pylori , Clarithromycin , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Ranitidine , Brazil , Drug Administration Schedule , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination
15.
São Paulo; s.n; 2003. [90] p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-408867

ABSTRACT

Para avaliar a taxa de recorrência do Helicobacter pylori em pacientes ulcerosos duodenais previamente erradicados entre os anos de 1990 e 1999, foi realizado teste respiratório com carbono 14 em 194 pacientes, no ano de 2001.Onze apresentaram teste positivo (5,7 por cento), sendo submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta para avaliação da cicatriz da úlcera, urease, histologia e genotipagem. Verificou-se que a recidiva ulcerosa foi baixa, não guardando relação com queixas dispépticas. Não se encontrou relação entre a genotipagem da bactéria e padrão histológico que justificasse a taxa de recorrência encontrada / In order to evaluate the recurrence rate of Helicobacter pylori infection in duodenal ulcer patients who had the bacterium eradicated previously, between 1990 and 1999, a 14C-urea breath test was performed in 194 patients in 2001. Eleven were positive, having been submitted to an upper endoscopy to check the presence of ulcer scar, and to obtain gastric fragments to the rapid urease test, histology and genotyping. It was observed a low ulcer relapse, without relation with dyspeptic symptoms. It was not found any relation between the bacteria strain and the histological pattern that could explain the recurrence rate observed...(


Subject(s)
Humans , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology , Duodenal Ulcer/etiology , Schools, Medical , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, Teaching , Recurrence
16.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 57(5): 205-208, Sept.-Oct. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-325551

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of a simple, short-term and low-cost eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) using omeprazole, tetracycline, and furazolidone in a Brazilian peptic ulcer population, divided into 2 subgroups: untreated and previously treated for the infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with peptic ulcer disease diagnosed by endoscopic examination and infected by H. pylori diagnosed by the rapid urease test (RUT) and histological examination, untreated and previously unsuccessfully treated by macrolides and nitroimidazole, were medicated with omeprazole 20 mg daily dose and tetracycline 500 mg and furazolidone 200 mg given 3 times a day for 7 days. Another endoscopy or a breath test was performed 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Patients were considered cured of the infection if a RUT and histologic examination proved negative or a breath test was negative for the bacterium. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients were included in the study. The women were the predominant sex (58 percent); the mean age was 46 years. Thirty-three percent of the patients were tobacco users, and duodenal ulcer was identified in 80 percent of patients. For the 59 patients that underwent follow-up examinations, eradication was verified in 44 (75 percent). The eradication rate for the intention-to-treat group was 69 percent. The incidence of severe adverse effects was 15 percent. CONCLUSION: The treatment provides good efficacy for H. pylori eradication in patients who were previously treated without success, but it causes severe adverse effects that prevented adequate use of the medications in 15 percent of the patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adolescent , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Furazolidone , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori , Omeprazole , Peptic Ulcer , Tetracycline , Anti-Infective Agents, Local , Confidence Intervals , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Peptic Ulcer , Tetracyclines , Treatment Outcome
18.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 57(1): 9-14, Jan.-Feb. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-311299

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the eradication rate of an ultra-short treatment schedule for Helicobacter pylori infection in a population with peptic ulcers, using omeprazole, secnidazole, and azithromycin in a once-daily dose for 3 days. METHODS: Thirty patients with peptic ulcer diagnosed by upper endoscopy and for Helicobacter pylori infection by rapid urease test and histologic examination received omeprazole 40 mg, secnidazole 1000 mg, and azithromycin 500 mg, administered once daily for 3 days. A follow-up exam was performed 12 weeks after the end of the treatment. Patients who were negative for Helicobacter pylori infection by rapid urease test and histologic examination were considered cured. RESULTS: Patients were predominantly female, and the mean age was 50 years. Duodenal peptic ulcer was found in 73 percent of the patients. Eradication was achieved in 9 of the 28 (32 percent) patients as determined from the follow-up endoscopic exam. The eradication rate by intention to treat was 30 percent. Side effects were present in 3 percent of the patients, and compliance to treatment was total. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the low rate of side effects and good compliance, the eradication index was low. A possible drawback of this therapy is that it reduces the efficacy of macrolide and nitroimidazole compounds in subsequent treatments


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Antiprotozoal Agents , Azithromycin , Helicobacter pylori , Metronidazole , Omeprazole , Peptic Ulcer , Drug Combinations , Duodenal Ulcer , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
19.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 58(1/2): 17-20, jan.-fev. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-324104

ABSTRACT

Os inibidores de bomba platônica (IBPs) têm elevado significado significativamente os índices de cicatrizaçäo das doenças ácido-relacionadas com mínimos eventos adversos. Pantoprazol é um IBP com propriedades farmacológicas definidas, intensa açäo anti-secretora e elevada eficácia clínica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança de pantoprazol, 40 mg, em uma populaçäo näo selecionada, portadora de doenças ácido-relacionadas. Em estudo aberto, prospectivo, näo randomizado, ambulatorial, foram avaliados 2.222 pacientes (média etária de 44,3 anos) divididos em três grupos. Todos os pacientes receberam pantoprazol, 40 mg/dia, durante duas a oito semanas. Os índices de cicatrizaçäo da UG e DU foram 71,6 porcento e 81 porcento, respectivamente. Os índices de cicatrizaçäo das esofagites de refluxo foram de 81,2 porcento, 67,7 porcento, 50 porcento e 36,1 porcento nos graus I, II,III e IV, respectivamente, de acordo com a classificaçäo de Savary-Miller. A maioria dos eventos adversos foram leves e ocorreram em 2,5 porcento dos pacientes. Os mais freqüentemente relatados foram cefaléia, diarréia, prurido, constipaçäo e tontura. A eficácia do pantoprazol no tratamento das doenças ácido-relacionadas foi demonstrada. O bom perfil de tolerabilidade confirma a segurança do produto.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Adolescent , Anti-Ulcer Agents , Gastroenteritis , Gastrointestinal Diseases , Duodenal Ulcer , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Stomach Ulcer
20.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 56(1): 11-16, Jan.-Feb. 2001. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-285569

ABSTRACT

Triple therapy is accepted as the treatment of choice for H. pylori eradication. In industrialized countries, a proton pump inhibitor plus clarithromycin and amoxicillin or nitroimidazole have shown the best results. Our aims were: 1. To study the eradication rate of the association of a proton pump inhibitor plus tinidazole and clarithromycin on H. pylori infection in our population. 2. To determine if previous treatments, gender, age, tobacco, alcohol use, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) change the response to therapy. METHODS: Two hundred patients with peptic ulcer (upper endoscopy) and H. pylori infection (histology and rapid urease test - RUT) were included. A proton pump inhibitor (lansoprazole 30 mg or omeprazole 20 mg), tinidazole 500 mg, and clarithromycin 250 mg were dispensed twice a day for a seven-day period. Eradication was assessed after 10 to 12 weeks of treatment through histology and RUT. RESULTS: The eradication rate of H. pylori per protocol was 65 percent (128/196 patients). This rate was 53 percent for previously treated patients, rising to 76 percent for not previously treated patients, with a statistical difference p<0.01. No significant difference was observed regarding sex, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and NSAID use, but for elderly patients the difference was p = 0.05. Adherence to treatment was good, and side effects were mild. CONCLUSIONS: A proton pump inhibitor, tinidazole, and clarithromycin bid for seven days resulted in H. pylori eradication in 65 percent of the patients. Previous treatments were the main cause of treatment failure


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Clarithromycin/administration & dosage , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Proton Pumps/antagonists & inhibitors , Tinidazole/administration & dosage , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Aged, 80 and over , Chi-Square Distribution , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Logistic Models , Omeprazole/administration & dosage , Peptic Ulcer/microbiology
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